HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF MALWA AND THE ARCHITECTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF SIKH GURDWARAS

Abstract

The Malwa region of Punjab has played a significant role in the historical, cultural, and religious development and growth of Sikhism. This paper examines the historical background of Malwa and explores its influence on the architectural evolution of Sikh Gurdwaras. The work traces the region’s political, social, and religious history from the medieval period to the rise of Sikh power, highlighting the contributions of Sikh Gurus, local rulers, and devotees in establishing important religious centers. It further analyzes the architectural characteristics of Gurdwaras in Malwa, including their spatial planning, structural design, decorative elements, and symbolic features.

This study investigates how indigenous building traditions, Mughal architectural influences, Rajput styles, and modern construction techniques contributed to the development of Sikh religious architecture in the region. Through selected case studies of prominent Gurdwaras, the research demonstrates the continuity and transformation of architectural forms in response to changing historical and cultural contexts. The findings reveal that Sikh Gurdwaras in Malwa not only serve as places of worship but also function as repositories of regional heritage, reflecting the spiritual ideals, artistic expressions, and socio-cultural identity of the Sikh community. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between regional history and religious architecture, emphasizing the importance of preserving these architectural landmarks for future generations.