STUDY OF JOB SATISFACTION AMONG VARIOUS CATEGORIES OF COLLEGE TEACHERS OF PUNJAB (INDIA)

Abstract

Background: India’s educational landscape has been changed with technological advancements thus demand of the passionate teachers, is the need of an hour. Teachers are not just only educators they are also mentors, role models, and facilitators of learning. Teachers are known as nation builders because teaching is not just a profession, infact, it is a service to the society. Teacher’s level of motivation and efficacy has been paramount for better or conducive learning environment as these are key elements to any discourse deals with the quality of education. The lack of enthusiastic and passionate teachers might have hindered the growth of India’s educational system and its ability to produce skilled graduates. It has significant implications for the country’s economic competitiveness and technological innovations. Employment status also plays a crucial role in shaping the job satisfaction levels and well-being among the faculty members.  Therefore, the present investigation was designed to determine the level of job satisfaction across the employment status i.e.  regular, contractual and guest faculty teachers of Punjab state and also to highlight the factors contributing for this critical issue.

Objective: The present study investigated job satisfaction among college educators in Punjab across three employment categories; Regular, Contractual, and Guest faculty.   

Methods: Total nine hundred (N=900) Assistant professors were selected working at different Government and Govt. aided colleges of Punjab. They were selected by using the random sampling technique. The age of the subjects was ranged between 24-60 years. Further, the subjects were sub-divided into three categories; Regular, Contractual and Guest faculty. Tools Used:  Job satisfaction among college teachers was determined by applying the job satisfaction scale developed by Amar Singh and T.R. Sharma (revised version,1999). For the analysis of data the Descriptive statistics; mean and standard deviation was computed whereas under inferential statistics, the One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to find out the significant differences among Regular, Contractual and Guest faculty. Scheffe’s Post-hoc test was applied to find out the direction and degree of differences where ‘F’ ratio was found significant. The level of significance was set at 0.05.

Results: Descriptive statistics had shown the mean score of regular faculty, Guest and contractual faculty members as 83.2, 59 and 53.7 respectively.  Results of One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)exhibited the significant differences among all the groups in question. Post hoc testing revealed that the regular faculty members had shown higher level of job satisfaction as compared to their counterpart’s guest faculty and contractual faculty members.

Conclusion: It was concluded that regular faculty members demonstrated the highest level of job satisfaction followed by guest faculty, whereas, contractual faculty displayed the lowest level of job satisfaction. The present study showed that employment status plays a crucial role in shaping the job satisfaction levels and well-being among the faculty members.