THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MINDFULNESS-BASED INTERVENTIONS ON BURNOUT AND COMPASSION FATIGUE IN NURSES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Background: Nurses are frequently exposed to emotionally taxing environments, making them particularly vulnerable to burnout and compassion fatigue. These conditions not only compromise nurses’ mental health and job satisfaction but also reduce the overall quality and safety of patient care. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have emerged as promising strategies to reduce stress and enhance emotional resilience, yet the evidence surrounding their effectiveness among nurses remains fragmented.

Aim: This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing burnout and compassion fatigue among nurses across various clinical environments.

Method: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across five databases—PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science—for studies published between 2021 and 2025. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, ten empirical studies were selected based on predefined eligibility criteria. These studies were assessed using validated quality appraisal tools, and thematic synthesis was applied to analyze intervention outcomes and implementation trends.

Results: The review revealed consistent reductions in emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and secondary traumatic stress among nurses participating in MBIs. Both structured programs like MBSR and abbreviated interventions such as journaling and app-based mindfulness showed measurable psychological benefits. Improvements in emotional regulation, compassion satisfaction, and professional resilience were widely reported across settings.

Conclusion: Mindfulness-based interventions are effective in addressing burnout and compassion fatigue in nurses. Their flexibility, accessibility, and psychological benefits support their broader integration into healthcare organizations as a strategy to enhance workforce well-being and care quality.