EXPLORING ADAPTIVE AND MALADAPTIVE COPING STRATEGIES AMONG PARENTS OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that presents significant challenges for parents, including emotional strain, persistent caregiving demands, and social isolation. This qualitative study explores the coping strategies—both adaptive and maladaptive—used by parents of children with ASD. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three mothers at a therapy centre in Gurgaon, India, focusing on emotional well-being, daily routines, social interaction difficulties, and family dynamics. The findings reveal that adaptive strategies, such as cognitive reframing, mindfulness, engaging in hobbies, and seeking social support, foster resilience and positively impact mental health. However, maladaptive strategies, including emotional withdrawal and avoidance, were also identified, highlighting the need for greater awareness and tailored interventions. Parents shared the challenges of managing daily routines, such as meltdowns and transitions, and their struggles with social stigma and misunderstanding from others. Family dynamics were profoundly affected, with some reporting strengthened relationships through mutual support, while others experienced tension due to differing coping styles. This study underscores the importance of comprehensive support systems and interventions that address the unique needs of parents raising children with ASD. The findings offer valuable insights for practitioners, therapists to enhance family resilience and overall well-being of parents and children with autism spectrum disorder.