GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE PALESTINIAN CONTEXT

Abstract

This study addresses the issue of gender-based violence (GBV) within Palestinian society during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting how emergency conditions significantly exacerbated women's suffering. The research emphasizes that violence against women in Palestine is deeply rooted in cultural and social structures characterized by male dominance and systemic gender inequality. The COVID-19 pandemic and preventive measures such as lockdowns created the "quarantine paradox," where necessary restrictions to curb virus spread simultaneously increased domestic violence and social isolation for women, leaving many trapped with their abusers.Despite women's vital role in managing the pandemic through caregiving and labor, their efforts were largely unrecognized, and they faced increased psychological and physical violence. Ongoing Israeli occupation and political and economic pressures further heightened women's vulnerability, limiting their freedom of movement and access to social services.

The study analyzes the response of Palestinian government institutions, UN agencies, and civil society in combating GBV during the crisis, revealing gaps in implementation, inadequate support, and prevention efforts. It also points out cultural and legal challenges, including delays in the approval of the Family Protection Law and misunderstandings regarding the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW).

The study concludes that comprehensive structural and cultural reforms are required to promote women's rights, incorporate equality values into educational curricula, and ensure women's effective participation in decision-making, especially during emergencies. Addressing the deeply embedded patriarchal culture that perpetuates violence and discrimination is essential for achieving justice and equality in Palestinian society.