EXPLORING THE BACTERIAL DEFENSES AGAINST ANTIBIOTICS IN BACTERIA

Abstract

The development of resistance in the most dangerous bacterial infections is a significant global public health concern.Antibiotic-resistant bacterial reservoirs may occur outside of hospitals due to the higher prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms in the general population and outside of hospitals. The finest example of how bacteria have evolved and adapted is how they have responded to the antibiotic "attack." The high genetic plasticity of bacterial pathogens causes this "survival of the fittest" phenomenon by triggering specific reactions that lead to mutational adaptations, the acquisition of genetic material, or changes in gene expression that result in resistance to nearly all of the antibiotics currently used in clinical practice.  Understanding the genetic and metabolic foundations of resistance is essential for preventing the emergence and spread of resistance as well as for developing innovative therapeutic strategies to address organisms that are resistant to a range of medications. This chapter will go into great detail about the primary mechanisms of antibiotic resistance that show up in clinical practice, using specific examples from relevant bacterial illnesses.