EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY METHODOLOGIES IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Abstract

Designing wireless sensor networks that are sustainable is a really difficult problem.  Energy-constrained sensors are supposed to function independently for extended periods of time.  However, replacing depleted batteries might be prohibitively expensive or even impossible under harsh conditions.  However, in contrast to other networks, WSNs are made for specialized uses, ranging from extensive environmental monitoring to small-scale healthcare surveillance systems.  Any WSN deployment must thus meet a set of standards that vary depending on the application.  Numerous studies have been carried out in this regard to offer a variety of answers to the energy-saving issue.  This study addresses a number of topics, ranging from network layer solutions to physical layer optimization. As a result, choosing the effective solutions to take into account while designing an application-specific WSN architecture is difficult for the WSN designer.  We offer a top-down analysis of the trade-offs that occur during the design of wireless sensor networks between lifespan extension and application requirements.  First, we determine the primary application categories and their particular needs.  A comprehensive explanation of how various schemes clash with the particular criteria follows, after which we provide a new categorization of energy-conservation schemes that have been discovered in the recent literature.  Lastly, we examine the methods used in WSNs, including multi-objective optimization, to accomplish trade-offs between several criteria.