MULTIDIMENSIONAL PERSPECTIVES FOR ADDRESSING EMOTIONAL EXHAUSTION AND ITS PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS

Abstract

Burnout syndrome is one of the main psychosocial problems in the contemporary workplace, with direct repercussions on mental health, performance, and organizational sustainability. This study applied the prospective MACTOR method based on a systematic literature review and consultation with 12 experts, with the purpose of identifying key actors, their relations of influence, and the strategic objectives linked to burnout prevention.

The results reveal a vertical hierarchical structure where the government, senior management, and human resources departments wield the greatest influence, while employees, leaders, and unions occupy dependent or reactive positions. Organizational culture emerged as an autonomous and divergent actor, revealing structural resistance to cultural change. The greatest convergences were observed around the objectives of strengthening institutional welfare policies, improving the work climate, and promoting self-care, configuring a pattern of collective mobilization toward structural interventions.

It is concluded that effective burnout prevention requires a systemic approach that articulates policies, organizational culture, and empathetic leadership, prioritizing cultural transformation and institutional co-responsibility over individual coping strategies.