FREQUENCY OF C-SECTION ACCORDING TO ROBSON CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM IN PREGNANT FEMALES

Abstract

Background: Cesarean section (CS) rates in the global population have become a significant issue of public health concern and in many instances, they are higher than the recommended 10-15 percent with no significant improvement in maternal or neonatal outcomes. The Robson Ten Group Classification System (RTGCS) offers a standard and effective way of measuring the CS rates in various groups.

Objective:  To find out the frequency of c-section by Robson classification system in pregnant females.

Methodology:  This cross-sectional descriptive research was done at the Department of Gynecology, Allied-II (DHQ) Hospital Faisalabad during Jun 2025 and November 2025. Non-probability consecutive sampling was used to recruit 905 pregnant women who met inclusion criteria. Ten Robson groups were formed depending on obstetric aspects. The frequency of CS was determined in each group. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 25.

Results: The total cesarean section rate was reported to be high, with the most significant input by Robson Group V (prior cesarean section, singleton, cephalic, term pregnancy). Groups II and I were also largely contributing to the overall CS rate. Reduced rates were seen in multiparous women with no previous scars (Groups III and IV). The relationships between CS rates and parity, previous CS, fetal presentation and the onset of labor were statistically significant (p 0.05).

Conclusion: Robson classification system is an effective method used to determine high contributing groups to the rate of CS especially women who have undergone cesarean delivery. Specific interventions aimed at the decrease of primary CS and the encouragement of vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) can be used to control the increasing rates of CS.