ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA AND ITS PROGNOSTIC IMPACT

Abstract

Objectives: To identify risk factors for the development of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in CAP and to estimate the incidence and assess the prognostic impact of AKI in Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) patients.

Methods: This was the observational study conducted in emergency department of Isra University Hospital with from February 2025 to September 2025. Patients aged ≥ 18yrs, with clinical and radiological diagnosis of CAP were included in the study. Continuous variables were presented as mean and medians. To compare categorical variables, Fisher's exact test or chi-square tests were utilized, while Mann–Whitney U or Student’s t tests were employed for continuous variables.

Results: The total sample size was 360. The mean age of participants was 57.98 ± 13.51 years. AKI was present in 107 (29.7%) patients. The AKI group had significantly higher median CRP, lactate, CURB-65 scores, and hospital stay duration (all p < 0.05). On univariable logistic regression, the CRP (OR = 1.7; p = 0.001), lactate (OR = 11.64; p < 0.001), diabetes (OR = 3.15; p < 0.001), and hypertension (OR = 3.16; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with AKI.

Conclusion: AKI increases the length of hospital stay, ICU admission and in hospital mortality in CAP patients.