CYTOTOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF MUNG BEAN: EVALUATING SAFETY PROFILES IN ARTEMIA NAUPLII, ZEBRAFISH EMBRYOS, AND HUMAN FIBROBLASTS

Abstract

Background: Mung bean shows therapeutic potential, but their cytotoxic effects require systematic evaluation for safe dermatological applications. This study assessed toxicity across three biological models to establish safety profiles.

Methods: An in vitro experimental design evaluated Artemia nauplii lethality (5-80 µg/mL, 48hr exposure), Zebrafish embryo development (5-80 µg/mL, 96hr post-fertilization) and human fibroblast viability (20-120 µM/mL, 24hr MTT assay)

Key Results: Artemia showed 100% survival at ≤20 µg/mL; mild toxicity (80% survival) at 40-80µg/mL. Zebrafish embryos exhibited 100% survival and normal development at all concentrations. Fibroblasts maintained >90% viability at ≤60 µM/mL, declining to 65% at 120 µM/mL

Significance: The study demonstrates excellent biosafety in aquatic models supports eco-friendly applications. Concentration-dependent human cell cytotoxicity establishes 60 µM/mL as critical threshold. Comparative advantage over other legume extracts with embryotoxic effects

Conclusion: Mung bean extracts show promising biocompatibility for dermatological use at controlled concentrations (<60 µM/mL). These findings provide essential toxicity benchmarks for developing safer plant-based skincare formulations while highlighting the need for mechanistic studies on cytotoxicity pathways, advanced delivery systems to enhance safety and clinical validation of concentration-dependent effects.