DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AMONG MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PATIENTS

Abstract

Background: Individuals living with multiple sclerosis (MS) very commonly experience depressive symptoms. These symptoms are influenced by level of disability and add to the person’s disease burden. The effect MS has on the individual’s social life and ability to work is worsened by depressive symptoms. Patients with MS need early psychological evaluation and intervention to help them cope with their lifelong disease. Adaptive coping strategies can help them by mitigating the impact of symptoms and improving their ability to function in daily life. This case study investigates the prevalence of depressive symptoms in individuals with MS in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This is a case study of five individuals diagnosed with MS who were followed over the course of four clinical sessions that included assessment and two cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) sessions. The participants were selected from an outpatient multiple sclerosis clinic. Tools used for evaluation and data collection included the clinical interview, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire.

Results: Three women and two men, aged 27 to 56 years participated. Most patients were found to have moderate-to-severe depression. Th greater levels of depression were found to affect disease duration and severity. Adaptive coping strategies were found to be useful in increasing patient abilities and reducing the negative impact of disease.

Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are very common among MS patients, especially those with greater disability. Symptoms of depression are considerably influenced by MS symptoms such as uncertainty of disease course, incurability, and physical impairment. Early psychological assessment and intervention is crucial in this population.