A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS IN PREVENTION OF CHRONIC DISEASES

Abstract

Inspite its high prevalence, chronic diseases disproportionately afflict low-resource areas. Many academics and public health practitioners believe that the links between chronic illnesses and social, behavioral, and societal issues must be adequately addressed. Coronary artery disease (CAD), ischemic stroke, diabetes, and certain malignancies, which were formerly only seen in high-income nations, are now the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Many dramatic fluctuations in incidence within nations and across migratory groups suggest that environmental variables, such as nutrition and lifestyle, are the key drivers of these illnesses, rather than hereditary ones. Cigarettes are smoked by about 23% of the world's population. Several studies have connected tobacco use to a variety of deadly diseases. Within 12 months of quitting smoking, the excess risk of heart attack caused by smoking drops by half. Obesity is a complicated illness with a complex etiology. After smoking, it is the second most prevalent avoidable cause of death. In this review we will look at two of the most contributing factors of chronic disease, which are smoking and obesity, methods to approach them, as well as the impact of treating them