BODY COMPOSITION PROFILES AND THEIR IMPACT ON RECOMMENDED CALORIC INTAKE IN OUTPATIENT CLINICS AT JAZAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

Abstract

Background: Clinical decision-making and personalized dietary planning rely on correct assessment of body composition and calorie demands. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is becoming a reliable, non-invasive technique to evaluate body composition measures including body fat mass, muscular mass, and fat-free mass. This study looked at body composition measures and advised daily calorie intake among patients at Jazan University Hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done with 1784 patients seen in the outpatient department of Jazan University Hospital. Anthropometric measurements and body composition readings were obtained using calibrated BIA devices. The study looked on body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), fat-free mass (FFM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), protein levels, and percent body fat (PBF). The main result was the link between the advised daily caloric intake and these body composition variables. Using SPSS, statistical analysis was carried out with significance defined at p < 0.05.

Results: Participants' average age was 32.5 years; slightly more men (56.8%) made up the sample. Ninety-nine percent of the participants said they had no history of chronic illness. A surprising prevalence of abnormal adiposity indicators were 66.1% had above-normal BMI, 84.1% had elevated BFM, and 91.1% showed high PBF. In contrast, 57.1% of participants had above-normal FFM; 51.9% had high SMM. With more FFM, SMM, and protein correlating with higher caloric requirements, p < 0.001 shows statistically significant links between all measured body composition parameters and the recommended caloric intake.

Conclusion: This study highlights the degree to which body composition influences daily calorie needs. Higher caloric demands were positively linked to lean body mass components like skeletal muscle mass and fat-free mass, therefore stressing the need of tailored dietary evaluations. The findings support BIA's inclusion in daily clinical practice to improve dietary planning's accuracy and hence enhance health outcomes.