THE ROLE OF HEAVY METALS ON PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS IN ERBIL-CITY

Abstract

Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder, is a rapidly growing global issue. By 2035, the number of people affected by diabetes is projected to rise by 550 million. obesity has emerged as leading global health concern through recent environmental and societal changes, favoring a positive energy balance and weight gain. Essential metals like copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) are vital for cellular function but can become toxic in excess, particularly in genetic disorders. Imbalances in the homeostasis of these trace elements, due to abnormal metabolism, can contribute to diabetes and its complications. The study aimed to explore the role of diabetes mellitus on heavy metals like copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), in newly diagnosed cases of D.M. before and after treatment.

Method: This study was conducted at Galiawa Diabetes and Endocrinology teaching center in Erbil-Iraq. Over six months from September 25,2024, to March 6, 2025. Thirty- eight of newly diagnosed patients with T2DM. age between (30-65 years) were recruited for this study. Patients were injected insulin therapy 100 IU/ml Solution intravenous use 1 vial of 10 ml 100 IU/ml for three months. Before and after intervention, HbA1c level measurement by whole blood, and serum level of Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu) were measured.

Result: After Insulin injection for three months, there was a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c, Iron (Fe), and Copper (Cu) levels with a p-value < 0.05.

Conclusion: In this prospective cohort study confirmed that the relationship between some heavy metals associated with newly diagnosed T2DM patients. Showed that there is significant relation between heavy metals like Iron, and Copper in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the present study suggests that Insulin treatment markedly control heavy metals in diabetes mellitus patients.