ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIESOF SOIL: A CASE STUDY OF DEHRADUN CITY, UTTARAKHAND

Abstract

Soil quality strongly influences plant growth, agricultural productivity, and environmental sustainability. This study evaluates soil health in Dehradun, Uttarakhand, by analyzing four soil samples collected in early 2025 from distinct zones of the city (residential, agricultural, and open land areas). Eight key physicochemical properties were measured for each sample: pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Organic Carbon (OC), and major nutrients including Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Sulphur (S), Potassium (K), and Iron (Fe). Standard analytical methods (following ICAR protocols) were used for all measurements. Most values at Sites 1, 2, and 4 fell within acceptable or medium ranges of critical limits. Site 3, however, showed notable deviations: available Nitrogen was marginal (291 kg/ha) and EC was elevated (2.8 dS/m), conditions that could adversely affect crop growth. Overall, soil properties varied with land use: agricultural zones tended to have higher nutrient levels, while more urbanized zones showed signs of declining soil quality. These findings highlight the importance of regular soil testing and targeted management to maintain soil fertility. Continued monitoring is recommended to ensure that soil properties remain within optimal ranges.