INTEGRATION OF GREEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AS A STRATEGY FOR STRENGTHENING GREEN SKILLS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The global environmental crisis demands a transformation of vocational education towards a sustainability paradigm. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the implementation of green entrepreneurship in Vocational High Schools (SMK) and to formulate strategies for strengthening a sustainability-based entrepreneurship education management model in order to improve graduates' readiness to face the challenges of the green economy. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire via Google Form from 470 respondents and analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that Entrepreneurial Education (EE), Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (ESE), Opportunity Entrepreneurial (OE), Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO), and Green Entrepreneurial Intention (GEI) have a significant and mutually reinforcing effect in shaping an environmentally-oriented entrepreneurial education system. EE plays an important role in increasing self-efficacy and green entrepreneurial orientation, while ESE encourages the ability to recognize green opportunities that have an impact on increasing environmentally friendly entrepreneurial intentions. GEI functions as the main mediating variable that connects educational, psychological, and contextual factors to PKB. The resulting model has high explanatory power (R² = 0.742; Q² = 0.611) and is empirically valid, demonstrating the effectiveness of integrating entrepreneurial and sustainability values in the context of vocational education. These findings provide theoretical and practical contributions to the development of environmentally conscious education policies and encourage the transformation of vocational schools into green schools that are adaptive to the green economy.