THE PROPHETIC MISSION AND THE FORMATION OF THE ISLAMIC POLITICAL SPHERE

Abstract

The political dimension, alongside the doctrinal aspect, featured prominently in the message of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). He dedicated significant effort to founding and consolidating the Islamic state, highlighting the central role of politics in Islam and its importance to the Prophet’s mission. His role extended beyond spiritual guidance and preaching to include the governance and organization of society in all its facets—a fundamental political function. Consequently, the Prophet (PBUH) was deeply committed to uniting Muslims and regulating their collective affairs in accordance with Islamic law. Over time, this comprehensive mission evolved into a structured political system known as the "civil state."

The scientific method calls for a precise clarification of the scope and nature of the relationship between Islam and politics in general, and more specifically between religion and politics within the context of the Prophetic Mission. Such an approach serves as a critical foundation for exploring this topic from the audience’s perspective. This is particularly relevant given that the interplay between the religious and the political in Islam—especially during the era of the Prophet—has long been a subject of scholarly debate. Scholars remain divided into two principal schools of thought, each offering its own interpretation of this relationship. This divide can be summarized as follows: