NAVIGATING ROLE AMBIGUITY: THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS WORKING IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY HOSPITAL TEAMS IN RIYADH

Abstract

Background: Role ambiguity among occupational therapists in multidisciplinary teams is a persistent problem. It affects collaboration, professional identity, and recognition. In Saudi tertiary hospitals, systems are hierarchical and medically driven, so the ambiguity can be stronger. Understanding how OTs experience and negotiate this issue is important to improve interprofessional practice.

Aim: To explore the lived experiences of occupational therapists regarding role ambiguity and identity negotiation within multidisciplinary hospital teams in Riyadh.

Methods: A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed. Twelve licensed OTs from a tertiary hospital participated in semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), guided by role theory and reflective thematic interpretation.

Findings: Four superordinate themes emerged: (1) Navigating invisible boundaries, (2) Being misunderstood yet indispensable, (3) Power, hierarchy, and the medical model, and (4) Reclaiming the OT voice. Participants described ongoing efforts to assert professional identity, educate colleagues, and advocate for the occupational perspective amid structural and cultural constraints.

Conclusion: Role ambiguity, while a source of professional tension, also serves as a catalyst for reflection and advocacy. Strengthening interprofessional education, clarifying institutional role frameworks, and empowering OTs as collaborative leaders are essential for enhancing visibility and professional identity within Saudi healthcare settings.