EXPLORING THE PROCESS OF CARE FOR WOMEN WITH ELEVATED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK BY FAMILY PHYSICIANS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death among women globally. Family physicians play a critical role in early detection and prevention, yet gaps persist in risk recognition, patient engagement, and adherence to clinical guidelines.

Objective: To systematically review and synthesize evidence on how family physicians identify, manage, and prevent elevated cardiovascular risk among women across life stages.

Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, fourteen empirical studies published between 2010 and 2025 were reviewed. Data were extracted on physician practices, patient awareness, sex-specific risk factors, and preventive interventions.

Results: The findings revealed substantial variation in physician knowledge and adherence to preventive guidelines. Time spent with patients and provider gender influenced care delivery. Women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy or metabolic risk factors were less likely to receive adequate follow-up or counseling. Structured care pathways and multidisciplinary programs improved screening and risk modification outcomes.

Conclusion: Family physicians are central to women’s cardiovascular prevention, but systemic barriers and limited sex-specific awareness persist. Integrating education, digital tools, and coordinated postpartum care can substantially improve outcomes and close gender-based gaps in cardiovascular health.