HYPERLIPIDEMIA: ADVANCES IN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, RISK ASSESSMENT, AND TREATMENT STRATEGIES

Abstract

Background: Hyperlipidemia is a critical health condition characterized by elevated lipid levels in the blood, necessitating comprehensive management strategies to mitigate cardiovascular risks and improve long-term health outcomes

Aim: Understanding of the pathophysiology of hyperlipidemia, to evaluate current and emerging tools for risk assessment, and to explore novel and established treatment strategies for improving lipid management and reducing cardiovascular risk.

Method: The PubMed and Google Scholar Search Engines were the primary databases used for the search process, with articles collected from 1970 to 2025.

Conclusion: Hyperlipidemia is a major health issue linked to cardiovascular disease, highlighting the need for proper diagnosis and management to lower risks and avoid severe complications.  Key contributors to hyperlipidemia include obesity, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, inactivity, family history, genetics, age, gender, and chronic stress. An effective treatment plan for hyperlipidemia should encompass the use of statins or lipid-lowering drugs, dietary modifications, regular exercise, weight management, and smoking cessation to reduce cardiovascular risk and improve lipid levels.