RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN POLICE AUTHORITY AS PART OF THE RESTORATION PARADIGM IN THE INDONESIAN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

Abstract

The evolution of criminal law in recent times has marked a transition from a punitive approach to one that prioritizes the repair of harm and the rebuilding of relationships between offenders, victims, and society. This shift is reflected in the growing emphasis on restorative justice, which promotes dialogue, mutual understanding, and resolution outside of traditional legal proceedings. In the context of Indonesia, the role of the police in implementing restorative justice reflects both legal empowerment and operational challenges. While their authority is rooted in existing legal instruments such as Law No. 2 of 2002, which provide the legal foundation for discretionary action, inconsistencies in regulation, lack of coordination among legal actors, and limited oversight mechanisms hinder effective application. Moreover, public trust and participation remain weak, and institutional readiness varies across regions. For restorative justice to function optimally within Indonesia’s criminal justice system, it is essential to build legal coherence, enhance police capabilities, and ensure stronger supervision, transparency, and community involvement. These improvements would support the broader objective of transforming the justice system into one that prioritizes human dignity, fairness, and social harmony.