ANTICOAGULANT, THROMBOLYTIC, ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF BROMELAIN-NANOSILVER FORMULATION

Abstract

Background: Nanotechnology, particularly noble metal-based nanoparticles like silver, offers high biocompatibility and stability for medical applications, including antimicrobial, thrombolytic, and antidiabetic therapies. Bromelain from Ananas comosus enhances these effects by reducing platelet aggregation and inflammation, while green synthesis provides an eco-friendly alternative to traditional methods. Together, these advancements hold promise for treating conditions such as infections, thrombosis, and diabetes with improved safety and efficacy.

Aim: This study aims to assess the anticoagulant, thrombolytic, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory potential of a green-synthesized bromelain-incorporated silver nanocomposite for multifunctional therapeutic use.

Methods: Silver nanocomposite (AgNCs) were tested for anticoagulant and thrombolytic activities using human blood samples to observe clot formation and lysis. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated through alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibition assays, with absorbance measured at 540 nm. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed via protein denaturation (bovine and egg albumin) and membrane stability assays, with absorbance recorded at 660 nm and 560 nm, respectively.

Results: Bromelain-AgNCs showed anticoagulant activity with clotting times from 13 min (10 µg/mL) to 8 min (50 µg/mL). Thrombolytic activity increased with concentration, peaking at 20 min clot lysis at 50 µg/mL. Antidiabetic activity showed 68% α-amylase and 66% α-glucosidase inhibition at 50 µg/mL. Anti-inflammatory activity reached 77% (BSA), 77% (EA), and 85.7% (MSA) inhibition at 50 µg/mL.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates the successful synthesis of bromelain-incorporated silver nanocomposites (AgNCs) with strong multifunctional properties, including anticoagulant, thrombolytic, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The nanocomposites showed minimal toxicity and hold promise for safe, eco-friendly use in therapeutic applications such as wound healing, drug delivery, and the management of diabetes, inflammation, and clot-related disorders.