DYNAMIC ADAPTIVE SELF-AWARE TRUST ENERGY-EFFICIENT ROUTING WITH BLOCKCHAIN FRAMEWORK FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

Abstract

The Dynamic Adaptive Self-aware Trust Energy-efficient Routing with Blockchain (DASTER-Chain) framework is a smart and powerful routing framework for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) that combines Dynamic Self-Adaptive Energy-Efficient Routing (DSA-EER) with Distributed Trust Key Management (DTKM) based on Blockchain. This synergistic combination boosts both performance and security through the utilization of real-time energy metrics, link quality, and adaptive thresholding to facilitate optimal path selection and ensuring the longest sustainable life from the WSN. The blockchain enhanced trust model assures secure, decentralized intrusion detection and trust evaluation methods, along with the removal of single points of failure, as well as improving trust management reliability, and it ensures improved key distribution. DASTER-Chain is capable of reacting quickly to unforeseen changes in the dynamic environment of a WSN, and will not sacrifice performance if nodes become dynamic due to mobility, poisoning, or other actions which lower level of channel energy. Using cost-based routing decisions, without any unnecessary overhead, combined with opportunistic forwarding decisions, these would allocate costs to real time data, not to the WSN on that path, and blockchain supports secure logging, which is always achieved clearly, and is verifiable too in the ongoing trust management scheme. According to experimental evaluations, DASTER-Chain offers superior performance than conventional protocols as well as state-of-the-art approaches such as Fuzzy Logic with Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (FL-EPSO), DSA-EER, and standalone DTKM. All crucial performance metrics including network lifetime, energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delays, routing overhead, and residual energy and energy throughput have improved. DASTER-Chain is established as a reliable, energy-enabled, and future-proofed solution for secure and scalable WSNs, primarily when applied to mission-critical and resource constrained Internet of Things (IoT) applications.