FEAR OF FAILURE IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP: ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION OF THE ENTREPRENEURIAL FEAR OF FAILURE (EFF) MEASURE IN INDONESIA

Abstract

This study aims to adapt and validate the Measure of Entrepreneurial Fear of Failure (EFF) for use in the Indonesian context. The cross-cultural adaptation followed the International Test Commission (ITC) Guidelines. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to confirm the construct validity. The scale was administered to 296 micro and small business owners in Indonesia. Our findings support previous research, favouring the six-factor model over the seven-factor and single-factor models. Furthermore, the EFF Measure showed satisfied content validity, high internal consistency and good discriminant and convergent validity. These findings provide empirical evidence for the validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the EFF measure, enabling more accurate assessments of entrepreneurial fear of failure in research and practice. Moreover, this study will create new opportunities for the development of fear-of-failure studies in Indonesia and contribute to policymakers in the entrepreneurship area.