TPM – Testing, Psychometrics, Methodology in Applied Psychology
HUMAN-AI COLLABORATION AND LEARNING ANALYTICS IN A PIANO CMOOC: PSYCHOLOGICAL INSIGHTS INTO MOTIVATION AND SELF-REGULATED LEARNING AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
This paper addresses the effect of human-AI collaboration and learning analytics on motivation and self-managed learning of students enrolled in a Piano Connectivist Massive Open Online Course (CMOOC) in high school. With the introduction of intelligent tutoring systems and real-time analytics dashboard, however, AI-enabled feedback systems are also redefining the interaction of learners in courses that demand complex learning skills such as music education. According to Self-Determination Theory (Deci and Ryan, 2000) and the Zimmerman (2002) interactive AI feedback, peer collaboration, and performance analytics, the proposed study explores how interactive AI feedback, peer collaboration, and performance analytics influence intrinsic motivation and goal setting and self-monitoring behaviors. The mixed methods approach was used to gather data about 180 students attending a semester-long course in piano CMOOC, which combined quantitative learning analytics data with qualitative reflections and interviews. The results indicate that AI-based scaffolding improves student independence and perseverance, especially with facilitation and peer interaction of the teacher. In addition, the integration of AI analytics helped the students to monitor their progress, manage emotions, and stay motivated with individual insights. However, in some cases excessive dependence on algorithmic feedback minimized creativity and expression of emotion in music representation. The paper adds to the growing debate concerning the human-artificial intelligence synergy in education by providing the psychological understanding of how technological-mediated learning space can support a moderate autonomy and prolonged attachment among teenage students.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
DEVELOPMENT OF A HYPERMEDIA LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENT ENGAGEMENT AND LEARNING OUTCOMES
This study aims to develop and evaluate a hypermedia-based learning model designed to improve student engagement and learning outcomes in the context of legal education at the IBLAM Law School, Jakarta, using a Research and Development (R&D) approach, adapting the Borg and Gall, Dick & Carey, Allesy & Trollip, and Rowntree models, which include the stages of needs analysis, design, development, expert validation, limited testing, and field implementation. Participants consisted of undergraduate law students in their fourth to sixth semesters. Data were collected through questionnaires, learning achievement tests, expert validation forms, and observation checklists. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and paired sample t-tests, while qualitative data were analysed thematically. The results of the study show that the developed hypermedia learning model, which integrates text, video lectures, interactive simulations, and links to legal resources, achieved a high level of validity according to media and content experts. Empirical results show a significant increase in student engagement (from moderate to high) and a 30.98% increase in learning outcomes after implementation.
DYNAMICS OF SOCIO-ENTROPY FACTORS OF FARMING ACTORS IN A SOCIO-ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE IN THE AGROECOSYSTEM AREA OF PAGARALAM CITY PROTECTED AREA
This study aims to analyze the dynamics of socio-entropy factors that affect the behavior, adaptation patterns, and socio-economic performance of farming actors in the agroecosystem area of the protected area of Pagaralam City from a socio-anthropological perspective. A qualitative approach with descriptive-analytical strategies is used to understand the meaning of social change and farmers' responses to environmental, economic, and spatial policy pressures. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and documentation studies, then analyzed using socio-entropy concepts that explain the degradation of social order due to ecological and structural disruptions. The results of the study show an increase in social entropy, which is reflected in the weakening of group solidarity, a shift in the value of cooperation, and a change in economic orientation from the subsistence system to commercialization. However, there has also emerged a process of social negentropy in the form of collective innovation, simple technological adaptation, and the formation of new social networks that function to maintain social and ecological balance. This dynamic marks a change in values and social structures in the farming system that has implications for the sustainability of the agroecosystem of protected areas. Theoretically, this study broadens the understanding of the relationship between social entropy and farming systems, and emphasizes the importance of socio-anthropological approaches in formulating sustainable agricultural policies that are adaptive to environmental changes and the social characteristics of local communities.
THE IMPACT OF PERCEIVED DISCIPLINARY MANAGEMENT AND ACADEMIC STRESS AMONG CHINESE INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN THAILAND
This study aims to explore the relationship between academic stress and perceptions of discipline management, with the goal of determining whether the perceived school climate mediates this relationship. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 630 Chinese university students in Bangkok, Thailand, and the data were analyzed using a structural equation model. The findings indicate that among Chinese students in Thailand, perceptions of discipline management have a strong negative direct effect on academic stress, as well as an indirect effect through positively influencing perceptions of the school climate. Perceived school climate significantly mediates the link between perceived discipline management and academic stress. This study provides valuable empirical and practical insights to Thai higher education institutions, particularly regarding the enhancement of international student management policies and campus support systems, to improve the quality of cross-cultural education.
EVALUATING MOROCCAN INTEGRATION POLICIES FOR UNACCOMPANIED SUB-SAHARAN MIGRANT MINORS: A CASE STUDY FROM OUJDA THROUGH AN INTERCULTURAL LENS
Morocco has prioritized its African foreign policy since gaining independence. The 2011 consti-tutional reform led to the 2013 creation of the National Immigration and Asylum Policy (PNIA), allowing immigrants the same rights as Moroccans under Moroccan law. However, one of the major concerns of these foreign policies is embodied in the illegal migrant minors, mainly those coming from sub-Saharan African countries to Morocco as a country of transit or destination, especially to Oujda, an eastern Moroccan border town. This paper seeks to answer the following research question: How effective are Moroccan migration policies and the role of social organizations in integrating sub-Saharan migrant minors in Oujda? To ad-dress this, it uses a qualitative research design, utilizing thematic analysis of interviews with such stakeholders as policymakers, social workers, and migrants to identify policy gaps and opportunities for improvement. The findings reveal that the integration of these children has reached an adequate level, but further work is required.
THE INFLUENCE OF SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP, JOB STRESS, JOB SATISFACTION, AND WORK MOTIVATION ON VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS’ PERFORMANCE IN MEDAN, INDONESIA
This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of spiritual leadership, job stress, job satisfaction, and work motivation on the performance of Vocational High School (VHS) teachers in Medan City. The research was conducted on 367 teachers from public and private VHS across four regions of Medan, selected through proportional random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires developed based on theoretical indicators of each variable and validated for reliability and validity. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses, including correlation, multiple linear regression, and path analysis, were employed to test both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results indicate that spiritual leadership has a significant positive effect on teacher performance both directly (β = 0.271, p = 0.002) and indirectly through work motivation (β = 0.652, p < 0.001) and job satisfaction (β = 0.603, p < 0.001). Work motivation (β = 0.322, p = 0.001) and job satisfaction (β = 0.248, p = 0.004) further enhance teacher performance, while job stress negatively affects performance (β = -0.186, p = 0.012) and job satisfaction (β = -0.317, p = 0.001). Overall, 62.1% of the variance in teacher performance can be explained by the four variables, highlighting the crucial role of spiritual leadership, motivation, satisfaction, and stress management in improving teacher effectiveness. These findings suggest that strategies aimed at enhancing teacher performance should adopt a holistic approach, emphasizing the development of spiritual leadership, fostering motivation and job satisfaction, and mitigating job-related stress to create a supportive and productive work environment.
INFLUENCE AI DRIVEN MARKETING TO CUSTOMER RETENTION AND CUSTOMER LOYALTY THROUGH EMOTIONAL CONNECTION (STUDY OF LALAMOVE USERS IN JAVA, INDONESIA)
This study aims to analyze the influence of AI-driven marketing to customer retention and customer loyalty with emotional connection as a mediating variable. The study employs a quantitative method, analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The research sample consisted of 385 respondents who used Lalamove services in Java Island, selected using purposive sampling. The results of the study show that AI-driven marketing has a significant impact on customer retention and customer loyalty, as well as on emotional connection. Furthermore, emotional connection has been proven to have a significant influence on customer retention and customer loyalty, while mediating the relationship between AI-driven marketing and both variables. However, the mediation that occurs is partial because of the direct influence of AI-driven marketing remains significant. This finding confirms that the implementation of AI-driven marketing can increase customer retention and loyalty, both directly and through strengthening emotional connections. The practical implication is that Lalamove can strengthen its business strategy by optimizing AI-based personalization while building emotional engagement with customers in Java.
EVALUATION OF UNSIGNALIZED INTERSECTION PERFORMANCE USING THE PKJI METHOD (CASE STUDY OF JENDRAL AHMAD YANI STREET, ABU BAKAR LAMBOGO STREET AND BUKIT MADANI STREET, PAREPARE CITY)
Traffic conditions at the intersections of Jalan Jenderal Ahmad Yani, Jalan Abu Bakar Lambogo, and Jalan Bukit Madani in Parepare City indicate congestion and potential conflicts between vehicles that can reduce the level of safety and smoothness of traffic. Evaluation of the performance of unsignalized intersections at these locations is necessary to provide optimal traffic services and minimize the risk of accidents. This study aims to analyze traffic flow performance and intersection service levels using the PKJI method, so that recommendations for road infrastructure improvements that support the efficiency and safety of road users in the area are obtained. This research is a quantitative study. The research location is Jalan Jenderal Ahmad Yani KM 2, Parepare City, South Sulawesi, and the implementation period is approximately two months. Data collection was carried out in two stages: secondary data and primary data. The data were then analyzed using the PKJI 2023 method to assess traffic flow volume, unsignalized intersection performance, saturation level, delays, and queueing opportunities, thus obtaining a comprehensive picture of the basic intersection capacity and level of traffic performance in the study area. Based on the analysis results, it shows that the performance is still good with a service level of category B, which means that the traffic flow is stable with minimal obstacles. The highest traffic volume was recorded on Tuesday at 4,691 vehicles/hour and on Saturday at 3,547 vehicles/hour, with an intersection capacity of around 3,180 smp/hour and a degree of saturation of 0.61 and 0.50, respectively, indicating that the intersection is still able to accommodate the existing vehicle flow. The low delay value and small queue opportunity indicate the operational efficiency of the intersection, but the potential for increased vehicle volume during peak hours in the future may reduce its performance, so adaptive traffic management is needed, such as adjusting the priority of the main flow or increasing the intersection capacity to maintain optimal performance.
ANUGRAH, ACHMAD HARDANU PASHA, HARTINA HARUN, SUWARDI SETIAWAN, HAMKA WAKKANG
REGULATORY APPROACHES TO THE LEGAL PROTECTION OF TAX CONSULTANTS IN INDONESIA AS PROFESSIONAL INTERMEDIARIES
Tax consultants in Indonesia work in a lot of legal grey areas, and even when they follow professional standards, they can still be held criminally responsible. This study examines inadequacies in Indonesia's criminal law protections for tax consultants and advocates for legal reforms to achieve a more equitable balance between law enforcement and professional security. Based on Agency Theory and Compliance Theory, the research uses a mixed-method design that includes normative legal analysis, case reviews of 20 prosecutions from 2020 to 2024, and interviews with 38 stakeholders. It finds that consultants are often prosecuted for client misconduct without clear legal intent or enough legal protections. A comparative analysis of six emerging economies Brazil, Mexico, India, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines indicates that Indonesia has the least consultant protection, lacking legal privileges, safe harbour provisions, or tiered enforcement strategies. Current rules focus on following procedures but don't do enough to protect people's rights, which has led to a "defensive practice culture" where 45% of consultants avoid high-risk clients because they are afraid of being prosecuted. The study calls for a two-part legal reform: first, adding constitutional protections, and second, passing a Tax Consultant Protection Act that includes professional privilege, immunity for good-faith actions, and fair enforcement standards. These steps are meant to help you tell the difference between getting legal advice and doing something wrong on purpose. They will make the law clearer, hold professionals accountable, and make the tax system better.
FARYANTI TJANDRA, MOMPANG L. PANGGABEAN, CHONTINA SIAHAAN, WIWIK SRI WIDIARTY
THE EFFECT OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON TEACHER PERFORMANCE
This research aims to evaluate the effect of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Emotional Intelligence (EI) on teacher performance. Technological developments in the world of education are increasingly rapid, while emotional factors remain an important element in successful learning interactions. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach with survey techniques, involving 98 teachers from SMA Negeri 1 and SMA Negeri 7 South Halmahera. The instrument used is a questionnaire that has gone through validity and reliability testing. For data analysis, multiple linear regression techniques were used. The research results show that the use of artificial intelligence and emotional intelligence has a positive and significant effect on teacher performance, both partially and simultaneously. The use of AI supports teacher work effectiveness in planning, implementing and evaluating learning, while emotional intelligence contributes to teachers' ability to build interpersonal relationships, manage stress and create a positive learning climate. These findings confirm that the combination of mastery of technology and emotional intelligence is an important factor in improving teacher professionalism and quality of work.
STUDY OF ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL CAPACITY IN THE SCHOOL AREA IN BANDA ACEH CITY
The study discusses the relationship between the environmental capacity of the road in terms of the impact of noise and air pollution caused by vehicles traveling on the road around the school area, namely Jalan T Panglima Nyak Makam in Banda Aceh. The level of noise and air pollution is greatly influenced by the geometric of the road, the volume and, the speed of the vehicle. The traffic volume average of 486.8 pcu/hour/direction and an average speed of 33.19 km/hour. The capacity of this road is 1455.3 pcu/hour. From the research results obtained Leq values ​​ranged from 72.8 dB (A) - 78.2 dB (A), with an average value of 76.00 dB (A). This Leq value indicates a noise level that has an impact on the community that is greater than 70 dB (A), and is still within the maximum noise threshold of 85 dB (A) and has passed the noise standard in the school area of ​​55 dB (A), then This road section is no longer feasible for school areas if assessed from the noise that occurs, for CO pollutants (LV) 1,301 ppm, CO (HV) 0.016 ppm, NOX 0.096 ppm, and HC 0.063 ppm. This shows that is still feasible because the DS limit for urban roads is 0.85 and classified as this road is still able to accommodate the traffic volume with the estimated air pollution provided.
NOER FADHLY, MUHAMMAD ZAKI, YUDHA BASKARA
RICHNESS OF THE MATHEMATICS IN ELEMENTARY STUDENTS’ GROUP WORK
This study aims to analyze the quality of student interactions in elementary mathematics group work based on the Richness of the Mathematics indicators from the Mathematical Quality of Instruction (MQI) framework. The research focuses on how aspects of Richness of the Mathematics are reflected in students’ discussions, which indicators are most dominant, and the forms of representations, explanations, and problem-solving strategies employed. A qualitative method with a multiple-case study design supported by video analysis was applied. Data were obtained from 20 video recordings of group discussions among fifth-grade students on the topic of fractions, facilitated by five elementary school teachers. The student interactions were analyzed using six Richness of the Mathematics indicators: Linking and Connection, Explanation, Mathematical Meaning and Sense-making, Multiple Procedures or Solution Methods, Patterns and Generalization, and Mathematical Language. The findings reveal that the indicators of Linking and Connection and Explanation consistently appeared across all groups, while Mathematical Meaning and Sense-making was particularly dominant (95%). In contrast, Multiple Procedures (25%), Patterns and Generalization (35%), and Mathematical Language (15%) emerged with lower frequency. These findings suggest that group work supports students in building conceptual connections and articulating ideas through visual representations but remains limited in strategy variation, generalization, and the use of formal mathematical language.
NYAMIK RAHAYU SESANTI, PURWANTO, SLAMET ARIFIN
INTEGRATION OF HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILL (HOTS) IN MICROTEACHING COURSE: A PREPARATION FOR DEVELOPING HOT-TEACH LEARNING MODEL USING DIGITAL SMART BOOK
Technology plays a crucial role in facilitating the learning process and improving student learning outcomes. Therefore, exploring the use of technology is a crucial step in designing new, more effective and relevant learning models. This research is a preliminary study in the development of the HOT-TEACH Learning Model, an innovative learning model designed to enhance higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) in prospective teachers. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of HOTS integration in the learning process of the Microteaching course, evaluate the use of digital media as part of the applied learning strategy, and identify students' level of readiness to use digital media as a learning support tool. This study used an exploratory approach involving 50 prospective teacher students who had completed the Microteaching course. The results showed that HOTS integration has been implemented in Microteaching, particularly in the formulation of learning objectives, the application of active strategies, and assessment. However, several indicators still require strengthening, such as the development of a learning process that encourages exploration and problem-solving, and the development of instruments capable of measuring creativity, analytical skills, predictive ability, and the stimulation of critical thinking. Most students demonstrated good readiness to access and utilize digital media. Based on these findings, the recommended digital media to support the development of the HOT-TEACH model is a digital smartbook, which can be combined with interactive digital media, such as application based quizzes, to create a more engaging, adaptive, and immersive learning experience.
HENI RITA SUSILA, ARIEF QOSIM, SULIA NINGSIH, PITRIYANTI
MULTISECTOR COLLABORATION MODEL FOR TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL IN MEDAN: EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PENTAHELIX APPROACH AND TB-CONNECT APPLICATION
This research examines the effectiveness of integrating the Pentahelix collaboration model with digital health technologies, specifically the TB-Connect application, in enhancing tuberculosis (TB) control efforts in Medan, Indonesia. Medan faces significant challenges in treatment adherence, healthcare worker efficiency, and multisectoral coordination. The Pentahelix model involves collaboration among government, academia, business, community organizations, and the media, aiming to strengthen public health responses and resource mobilization. Meanwhile, the TB-Connect application serves as a digital tool to improve patient adherence through automated reminders and real-time communication with healthcare providers. The results show that post-intervention, TB treatment adherence increased by 15%, and coordination among stakeholders improved significantly. Key informant interviews with healthcare workers and stakeholders highlighted the benefits of the model, though challenges in digital literacy and infrastructure remained. The integration of Pentahelix collaboration with digital health tools represents a promising approach to addressing the complex social and biomedical dimensions of TB.
SULAIMAN , ANGGRIANI , GABENA INDRAYANI , FASTABIQUL KHAIRAT
PARENTS’ MEDIA LITERACY IN SELECTIONS CHANNEL YOUTUBE KINDERFLIX IN INDONESIA: A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF DIGITAL FAMILY COMMUNICATION IN 2024-2025
This study explores parents’ media literacy in selecting the Kinderflix YouTube channel as an educational medium for young children in Indonesia. The rapid growth of digital platforms has made YouTube a central element in children’s daily routines, raising questions about how parents act as digital gatekeepers. Employing a qualitative case study within a constructivist paradigm, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, digital documentation, and thematic analysis. Findings reveal that parents demonstrated active involvement through three layers of mediation: previewing videos, co-viewing, and playlist creation. These practices ensured safe, age-appropriate, and value-based exposure while balancing parental authority with child autonomy. Parents applied diverse strategies such as manual search, peer recommendations, blocking features, and reflective dialogue with children. Criteria for educational value extended beyond cognitive learning to include moral, emotional, and social dimensions, reflecting broader family values and cultural norms. Parental negotiations, community engagement, and children’s active responses further shaped digital family communication. The study concludes that parental media literacy is a reflective and communicative process that integrates technical skills, moral considerations, and interactive dialogue. Practical implications highlight the need for strengthening digital parenting programs and fostering critical literacy skills to support safer, more meaningful digital engagement for families.
CASS MODEL REVISITED: A STUDY ON MAULIK PANCHOLY’S NOVEL
This study examines the construction of homosexual identity in Young Adult Literature (YAL) through close textual analysis of Maulik Pancholy's novels, The Best at It (2019) and Nikhil Out Loud (2022). Through qualitative close textual analysis, the research employs Vivienne Cass's six-stage homosexual identity development model, with emphasis on Identity Confusion, Identity Comparison, and Identity Tolerance stages. Intersectionality is employed to explore the impact of race, culture, and family on the protagonists' identity construction. Findings are: [1] The protagonists experience Identity Confusion through compulsive behaviours and inner conflict pertaining to their burgeoning queer identities, [2] Their social awkwardness and difficulty with performative roles map to Identity Comparison, as they navigate tentative self-discovery, and [3] both protagonists display elements of Identity Tolerance because they walk the line with community involvement and self-expression. Furthermore, the research concludes that queer youth of colour identity construction is deconstructed and complex, shaped by intersecting cultural forces and social expectations, thereby making Cass's model difficult to apply easily. This research makes a contribution to YAL studies by centring Pancholy's novels as rich contributions to intersectional queer representation, as vital mirrors to marginalized readers, and providing insight to larger audiences. It highlights the necessity to integrate intersectionality with classic psychological models to provide a more generalizable perspective on LGBTQ+ identity construction in contemporary literature.
HOW ARE SYMBOLS CULTURALLY SELECTED? --MALAYSIAN ACCEPTANCE AND SYMBOLIC FILTERING MECHANISMS OF CHINESE ARTWORKS
This study investigates how Malaysian consumers perceive, interpret, and negotiate the symbolic features of Chinese artworks in a multicultural context. Drawing on McCracken’s Meaning Transfer Model and Consumer Culture Theory, we conducted 30 in-depth interviews with participants from Chinese, Malay, and Indian backgrounds. Reflexive Thematic Analysis identified seven symbolic dimensions—including historical heritage, calligraphic expression, material craftsmanship, and religious compatibility—that significantly influence purchase intentions. Two pathways of influence were observed: an emotion–identity pathway, where artworks evoke collective memory and cultural attachment, and a cognitive–status pathway, where symbols serve as markers of taste and cosmopolitan identity. Findings show that cultural background variables—ethnicity, acculturation level, religious observance, and art knowledge—moderate symbolic reception in distinct ways. The study introduces the concepts of Ethical Proximity and Halal Semiotics to explain how religious ethics reconfigure symbolic value, and proposes a Cultural Hybrid Marketing Framework for understanding cross-cultural art consumption.
FROM FACE-TO-FACE TO FACEBOOK: EVALUATING SOCIAL MEDIA'S EFFECTIVENESS IN LANGUAGE MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS
The digital revolution has fundamentally transformed language maintenance efforts, shifting from traditional face-to-face methodologies to innovative social media-based approaches. This article examines the comparative effectiveness of digital platforms versus conventional methods in language preservation and revitalization programs. Through analysis of contemporary research and case studies spanning indigenous language preservation initiatives to modern multilingual education programs, this study evaluates the affordances, challenges, and outcomes of social media platforms including TikTok, Instagram, Facebook, and specialized language learning applications. Findings suggest that while digital platforms offer unprecedented reach, accessibility, and engagement opportunities, they function most effectively when integrated with traditional approaches rather than as complete replacements. The research highlights critical considerations including technological barriers, cultural authenticity, intergenerational dynamics, and sustainability factors that influence program success. These insights contribute to a nuanced understanding of how language maintenance programs can leverage both digital innovation and traditional pedagogical wisdom to maximize preservation outcomes in our increasingly connected world.
SHAMIM AKHTER , RABINDRA DEV PRASAD, MENGQIU TAN , QIANNAN LU
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF SAFETY INCENTIVE PROGRAMS IN STRENGTHENING SAFETY CULTURE: A CASE STUDY OF PT PLN
Background: Safety incentive (SI) programs are increasingly adopted as strategic mechanisms to promote safe work behavior and embed a positive safety culture, especially in high-risk sectors such as the energy industry. Despite their importance, empirical insights into how SI programs are implemented and perceived within Indonesia’s state-owned enterprises remain scarce. PT PLN (Persero), as the national electricity company, provides an ideal context to explore this issue due to its wide operational coverage and high safety standards. Objective: This study aims to explore the role of safety incentive programs in strengthening safety culture within PT PLN by examining how such programs are understood, implemented, and evaluated by occupational safety experts (Ahli K3) across different regional units. Methods: A qualitative case study design was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with four safety experts from UP3 Sinjai, Bantaeng, Bulukumba, and Jeneponto. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo software to identify major themes, including policy context, implementation practices, motivational impact, and program evaluation. Results: Findings reveal that safety incentive initiatives at PT PLN are not yet formalized as a distinct policy but are embedded within broader occupational safety and health (K3) programs. Recognition typically takes non-monetary forms—such as plaques, certificates, or appreciation events—linked to performance, compliance, and participation. Safety incentives act as both motivational and educational tools, encouraging proactive engagement and reinforcing collective safety responsibility. However, challenges persist in systematic evaluation, documentation, and ensuring long-term policy integration. Conclusions: Safety incentive programs at PT PLN contribute significantly to cultivating a safety-oriented culture, primarily through intrinsic motivation and social recognition rather than material rewards. Strengthening formal policy frameworks, defining measurable success indicators, and enhancing documentation systems are recommended to optimize the long-term impact of SI initiatives.
MAARIFAH DAHLAN, AMRAN RAZAK, YAHYA THAMRIN, SYAMSIAR S. RUSSENG, AGUS BINTARA BIRAWIDA, ANWAR MALLONGI
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES IN SCHOOL: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
The issue of organisational change in schools has become increasingly relevant in response to complex global dynamics, attracting significant academic interest. This study aims to analyse the body of literature on organisational change in school contexts through a bibliometric approach using the Scopus database. The research involved identifying specific keywords, followed by the analysis of variables such as publication trends, prolific authors, sources, and thematic clusters. The findings show a notable increase in publications over the last decade. This growing trend underscores the relevance of the topic and suggests promising avenues for further scholarly investigation. This study addresses the ever-increasing need to understand how organisational change in schools is being approached within academic literature. It aims to map the development of this field and identify key research trends and areas of gaps. Mapping and analysing the research landscape of school organisational change (2014–2024) through bibliometric methods. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using data retrieved from the Scopus database, which was then processed through tools such as VOSviewer and Biblioshiny. Summarise the main findings of the study briefly. Organisational change in schools remains a dynamic and expanding area of study. The results underscore the importance of ongoing research and provide valuable insights for educational leaders and policymakers.
EKA APRILIANTY, LANTIP DIAT PRASOJO, SUGIYONO, TONY WIJAYA
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOMETRIC VALIDATION OF A QUESTIONNAIRE ON PREGNANT WOMEN’S INTENTIONS TO USE MULTIPLE MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTATION (MMS): A CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS
Adherence to multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMS) during pregnancy remains challenging, whereas intention is a primary antecedent of health behavior. A theoretically grounded, psychometrically validated instrument is needed to assess pregnant women’s intention to use MMS. The aim is to develop and validate a questionnaire measuring pregnant women’s intention to consume MMS by integrating the health belief model and the theory of planned behavior. Methods: A sequential mixed-methods design was employed. The items were generated from focus group discussions and a literature review and then tested among 216 pregnant women (second trimester). Construct validity was evaluated via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability was assessed via Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability (CR). Convergent and discriminant validity were examined via average variance extracted (AVE) and the Fornell–Larcker criterion. Results: A five-construct model demonstrated marginal yet acceptable fit (χ²/df ≈ 3.278; RMSEA ≈ 0.103). The final scale comprises 17 items: susceptibility (4), severity (2), benefits (3), motivation (5), and intention (3). All factor loadings were significant (≈0.53–0.95). Reliability was adequate (most α and CR ≥ 0.70). The AVE criteria were met for four constructs; severity fell slightly below the threshold but was retained on substantive grounds. The questionnaire has good validity and reliability for measuring the likelihood of using MMS among pregnant women. It is suitable for the early identification of women with low intention, targeted intervention planning, and evaluation of supplementation programs in primary care settings.
RABIA ZAKARIA, VENI HADJU, RAHAYU INDRIASARI, MARDIANA AHMAD, MUHAMMAD ARSYAD, NURMALA SARI, FATMAWATI MOHAMAD,
JULI GLADIS CLAUDIA, MISRAWATIE GOI, ULFA SUFYANINGSI, YUSNI PODUNGGE, RAHMA DEWI AGUSTINI, ANWAR MALLONGI
IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL PROTECTION TO ACCELERATE STUNTING REDUCTION: AN ADAPTIVE SOCIAL PROTECTION PERSPECTIVE STUDY
This study aims to analyze the implementation of social protection in accelerating stunting reduction in West Bandung Regency from the perspective of adaptive social protection. This study employs a qualitative approach with an explanatory case study method, focusing on West Bandung Regency due to its stunting prevalence rate being higher than the national average. Data were collected through documentation, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions involving local government officials, experts, and community members. Data analysis follows Miles and Huberman’s model, comprising data condensation, display, and conclusion drawing, and data validity was ensured through source and method triangulation. The study concludes that while the regional government has demonstrated a strong commitment and established collaborative governance to reduce stunting, challenges remain in data integration, adaptive response mechanisms, and program effectiveness. From the adaptive social protection perspective, improvements are needed in digital infrastructure, cross-sector coordination, and crisis responsiveness to ensure more targeted, timely, and sustainable interventions. These findings imply that future policies should prioritize the integration of real-time, risk-based data systems and enhance adaptive capacity at both institutional and programmatic levels to better address stunting risks, especially during crises.
EKA NOVARINA, BINAHAYATI RUSYIDI, DENI K. SUNJAYA, SRI SULASTRI
PARENTAL, PEER, AND TEACHER SUPPORT AS PREDICTORS OF ACADEMIC ENGAGEMENT AND ACHIEVEMENT; IMPLICATIONS FROM ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THEORY
Background: Students’ academic success is shaped not only by individual ability but also by the social environments in which they learn. Parental, peer, and teacher support have long been identified as key sources of influence, with each contributing differently to motivation, engagement, and achievement. Ecological systems theory emphasizes that these supports function within interconnected systems that shape learning outcomes. However, evidence on their relative influence remains mixed whose impact can vary across contexts. Academic engagement has been conceptualized as a pathway linking social support to achievement, yet its mediating role across different support sources requires further investigation. Purpose/Aim: The study aimed to examine how parental, peer, and teacher support influence students’ academic achievement directly and indirectly through academic engagement. This study further investigates whether engagement mediates the relationships between these sources of support and academic outcomes. Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed, using structured questionnaires to collect data from secondary school students. A total of 457 responses were collected out of 624 distributed questionnaires, reflecting a high response rate. Findings: Findings revealed that parental and teacher support significantly predicted academic engagement, which strongly influenced achievement. Mediation analysis confirmed that engagement mediated the effects of parental and teacher support on achievement. While peer support showed no significant direct or indirect effect on engagement or achievement.
IRFANA RASUL, SYEDA NOUREEN MUMTAZ, ALEENA MAHMOOD KHAWAJA, ALMAS SHOAIB, MD BILLAL HOSSAIN, FAISAL EJAZ
ANALYSIS OF PREDICTOR INDEX OF DETERMINANT FACTORS OF DIABETIC NEUROPATHY PAIN ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LOCAL ANESTHESIA LIDOCAINE INJECTION THERAPY LIDOCAINE FOR DIABETIC NEUROPATHIC PAIN
Background: Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus that requires relatively long-term management. Health status is determined by genetic factors, behavioral factors, environmental factors, and healthcare service factors. These factors are also associated with determinants of disease, including neuropathic pain in diabetes mellitus. Materials and Method: This study involved 244 diabetic neuropathic pain patients who received lidocaine injections at the Bhayangkara Hospital Pusdik Brimob Watukosek from August 2020 to April 2021. Sampling was carried out using the consecutive sampling method based on medical records at the peak of visits to the pain clinic. The design of this study was observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. Results: Genetic factors that showed significant results were the age category (0.047) and family history (0.004). In behavioral factors, significant results were found in the categories of physical activity (0.010), education level (0.001), and smoking (<0.001). In terms of health services, significant results were found in the category of regularity of treatment (<0.001), for environmental factors, significant results were found in the category of alternative therapy (0.001) and for quality of life with SCREEM (0.036). Conclusion: The results of the logistic regression analysis, the influencing factors are in accordance with HL Blum's concept regarding the effectiveness of using lidocaine local anesthetic therapy by 50%.
ANDIANI ANDIANI, SULISTIAWATI SULISTIAWATI, LILIK DJUARI, HANIK BADRIYAH HIDAYATI, KUNTAMAN KUNTAMAN, R. MOHAMAD JAVIER
THE INFLUENCE OF SPORT SECTOR DETERMINANTS AND GOVERNMENT POLICIES ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF SULTANATE OF OMAN
Background: The sports sector is increasingly recognised as both a catalyst for social cohesion and a contributor to economic growth. In emerging economies such as Oman, sports play a dual role in enhancing health and unity while also advancing economic diversification under the framework of Oman Vision 2040. Purpose: This study investigates the influence of sports sector determinants and government policies on economic growth in the Sultanate of Oman. Methods: A descriptive research design was employed using a structured questionnaire distributed to 370 employees across ministries, sports clubs, and media organisations. Findings: The results reveal that while indicators relating to the sports sector, human capital, and government policies were assessed at a moderate level, infrastructure and economic growth dimensions scored highly. ANOVA tests further demonstrated significant relationships among the sports sector, infrastructure, government policies, and economic growth. Contribution: This study extends the literature on sports economics by contextualising sectoral and policy determinants within Oman Vision 2040. It highlights the strategic importance of infrastructure and human capital as levers for aligning sports development with broader national economic objectives.
YAHYA ZAHRAN MOHAMMED AL HINAI , DR/ WAN ZULKIFLI BIN WAN HASSAN , DR/ RAZALEIGH BIN MUHAMAT KAWANGIT
SAFETY BEGINS WITH EMPOWERMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF PATIENTS AND FAMILIES IN IMPROVING SAFETY IN HOSPITAL INPATIENT CARE
Patient safety is a critical component of healthcare services, and family empowerment is increasingly recognized as a key strategy to enhance patient safety outcomes. Active involvement of patients and their families in the care process can reduce the risk of medical errors and improve the overall quality of care. Consequently, it is essential to explore effective strategies for implementing such empowerment in hospital settings. This study aims to identify and synthesize current evidence on patient and family empowerment through the use of safety checklists within hospital-based patient safety programs. This study employed a descriptive literature review approach followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, drawing on data from peer-reviewed scientific journals published between 2014 and 2024. Analysis of 12 relevant articles revealed that patient and family empowerment significantly contribute to improving patient safety by enhancing their engagement in care processes and decision-making. The use of safety checklists was found to be an effective tool in fostering a culture of safety within hospitals, reducing medical errors, and improving the quality of care. Several factors were identified as influencing the success of patient and family empowerment initiatives, including support from healthcare providers, adequate education, and the presence of systems that facilitate effective communication. These findings highlight the need for collaborative efforts among healthcare professionals, hospital management, and patients to establish a supportive environment for empowerment, alongside continuous training for healthcare providers on the importance of safety culture. This study underscores the critical role of patient and family empowerment in enhancing the safety of hospitalized patients. Empowerment strategies, particularly those involving safety checklists, are essential in fostering a culture of safety and minimizing preventable harm in healthcare settings.
VINSENSIA TETTY, YAHYA THAMRIN, SYAFAR, SYAMSIAR, NUR ARIFAH, NUR NASRY
SOCIOLOGY OF INDONESIAN MILLENNIAL WOMEN AUTHORS IN BEST SELLER WORKS: MORAL VALUES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR LEARNING LITERARY THEORY IN HIGHER EDUCATION
In the development of modern Indonesian literature, the presence of millennial female authors is increasingly prominent. They are not only present as fillers of literary creative space but also bring new perspectives related to social, gender, moral, and identity issues in their works. This research aims to analyze the social and ideological background of Indonesian millennial female authors in best-selling works as well as identify and analyze the moral values and implications contained in these works. The method in this qualitative research uses a qualitative descriptive method with Lucien Goldmann's genetic structuralism approach. The data collection techniques in this research are observation and documents. The analysis technique used in this research is genetic structuralism. The results show that the works of millennial women writers such as Dwitasari, Almira Bastari, and Okky Madasari have a common thread in raising the theme of self-discovery, gender inequality, the influence of social media, and the struggle to deal with social pressure. The dominant moral value in their works is human relations (70.05%), reflecting high empathy and social care. The implication for the learning of literary theory in higher education is the importance of a contextualized critical approach so that students are able to understand literature as a reflection of social reality and as a medium of expression of the life experiences of women today.
FAISAL KEMAL, PRIMA GUSTI YANTI, SUKARDI
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MINDFULNESS IN ALLEVIATING SPORT COMPETITION ANXIETY AMONG COLLEGE ATHLETES
This quantitative study examined the relationship between mindfulness practices and the emotional well-being and academic performance of college students. The research aimed to determine whether a higher level of mindfulness is associated with better emotional regulation and improved academic outcomes. A descriptive-correlational design was employed, involving a sample of college students who voluntarily completed standardized self-report questionnaires measuring mindfulness, emotional well-being, and academic performance. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation to explore the strength and direction of relationships among the variables. Findings revealed a significant positive correlation between mindfulness and emotional well-being, as well as between mindfulness and academic performance. These results suggest that students who exhibit higher levels of mindfulness tend to experience greater emotional stability and perform better academically. The study highlights the potential value of incorporating mindfulness-based strategies into student support programs and recommends further research to confirm these findings across diverse educational contexts.
SANTOS, LEILANI R., LAGMAY, LLOYD RYAN, MACARAYA, HAFSAH
EXPLORING THE PATHWAYS FROM LEADERSHIP TO WORK EFFORT: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ON THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ENGAGEMENT IN HEALTHCARE
With a focus on theintermediaryfunctionofworkengagementthecurrentstudyexplores how perceived leadership affects employee work dedication in the healthcare sector. Using a quantitative research approach structured questionnaire was employed to survey healthcare personnel from different establish mentsin order to measure work engagement, work dedication and transformational and transactional leadership. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data and confirmatory factor analysis Cronbach'salpha and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure were used to verify the concepts validity and reliability. According to the results both leadership philosophies have a major impact on workers commitment to their job sbut transformatio n all eader ship has astronger effecton encouraging engagement. Additional research on mediation emphasizes how important work engagement is in converting good leadership into increased commitment to one's work. This study is one of the few empirical investigations looking into how work dedication, engagement and leadership interact in the healthcare industry. The findings implythateffectiveleadershipnotonlyhasadirecteffectonworkerperformancebutalso creates a stimulating workplace environment that increases perseverance and commitment. Policymakers and healthcare managers seekingtodeveloptransformational leadership abilities to increaseemployeeengagementandeventuallyimprovepatientcare outcomes will find these findings useful. This study makes a substantial theoretical and practical contribution by elucidating the operational mechanisms through which leadership affects worker performance. In order to better understand the relationship between leadership engagement and work dedication in diverse healthcare environments future research is encouraged to employ longitudinal designs and investigate otherfactors.
MS GEETIKA VERMA, DR ANSHU SINGH, DR NEETU BALI KAMRA, DR PRAVASH GHOSH
UNLOCKING INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL KNOWLEDGE SHARING: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE DIGITIZATION IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL INNOVATION
The purpose of this study was to investigate how knowledge digitization affects the connection between organizational performance and learning across several industries. The study model was developed and validated using a structured questionnaire, expert evaluation, regression analysis, and systematic scientific literature analysis. A standardized questionnaire was used to gather data from specialists employed by businesses. Under the moderating influence of knowledge digitization, the research findings confirmed the hypotheses that organizational learning has a favorable impact on organizational performance. The possible integration of AI and machine learning technologies, virtual and augmented reality, and more advanced analytics and reporting tools were among the topics covered in the discussion about the future extent of digitization in businesses. The importance of evaluating the current workforce and progressively accelerating digitization with appropriate management and employee support is emphasized in the paper's conclusion.
SATWANT KAUR , INDERPREET KAUR , DR.P. RADHAKRIAHNAN , DR. MEERAVALI SHAIK , MOHAMMED ALI SHAIK , DR NIDA SARWAR